Pumping apparatus



4 sheets-sheet 1 June 24, 1930.-

l. B. HUMPREYS PUMPING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 19, 1924 l. B. HUMPREYSPUMPING APPARATUS June 24, 1930.

Filed Aug. "19, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet ghmntoz June 24, 1930. 1. B.HUMPREYS 1,765,427

PUMPING APPARATUS l 1i E sued Aug. 19, 1924 4 sheds-sheet 3 June 24,1930x B, HUMPREYS I 1,765,427

PUMPING APPARATUS Patented June 24, 1930 UNITED STATES IRA B.BUMPER-EYB, OF DENVER, COORADO Immo lArranyrrns applicati@ mea .iugm 1a,1924. serial m. 732,988.

This invention relates to improvements in pumping apparatus, and moreparticularly 4 to an apparatus for pumping wells in which a column oflcomparatively non-compressible 5 :Huid is substituted for the rigidsucker-rod construction now common in the art, and which column of fluidunder pressure operates as the motive power to elevate a liquid to thepoint desired.

This invention is an improvement on that fluid actuated pump for which Imade an application for Letters Patent on February 24, 1923, Serial No.620,913. Like that particular pump, the present pump is doubleacting.yAmong the lparticular advantages of my present pumping apparatus aresimplicity in construction and operation and ease of installation andremoval for repair.

' It has been found that the use of suckerrod pumps is veryunsatisfactory in'deep wells. Particularly is this the case in thefields in Southern California and Texas, where many of the wells are ofa depth of over four thousand feet.

Among the diiiculties encountered with the use of the sucker-rod pump indeep wells, are that the rods very quickly wear 1n two, particularly atthe joints of the rod section; and likewise wear holes in the welltubing, and in many cases where it is believed there is considerable(oil that might be recovered from the well, these pumps have producedabout a pint of oil per stroke, and the number of strokes being limitedby the peculiar construction of the walking beam, it will be obviousthat very little oil isA produced with such a device.

The principal object of this invention is to produce a iuid operatedpumping apparatus to elevate fluid from a source of supply that issimple in construction, with few parts, and which may easily be removed'from the Well should trouble develop thereon.

Another important object of this invention, like that of` thatparticular application heretofore referred to, is to produce a pump inwhich any leak in the pump or in the valves connected therewith willresult in the fluid which is actuating the pump passing out thedischarge pipe from the pump and not passing into the oil sands.

An object of this invention is to provide a double-acting hydraulic pumpfor elevating fluids having a single valve of'such a con- 56 structionas to do the work of both the central valve and the working valveemployed in that pumping mechanism of my copending application.

A further object of this invention is to pro- 00 vide a valve mechanismoperable by differential pressure that it is impossible to stop in adead-center position.

Another object of this invention is to provide a pump for elevatingliquids which is of 05 relatively small diametrical dimensions so thatit will be adapted -to be disposed in an oil well or oil well casing ofsmall diameter, and which pump is adapted Ato be actuated from a remotepoint by fluid under pressure.

Another object of this invention may be to provide a pump ofcomparatively high efficiency.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will be apparent from thefollowing detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof, asillustrated in the accompanying drawings. l

In the drawings: A

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of 30 an oil well illustratingthe manner of pressure mechanism connected with-a fluid operated pump,embodying this invention.

' Fig. 2 is a side view, partly in section, of a double-acting fluidactuatedr well pump embodying-this invention. f

Fig. 3 is a vertical mid-section of the s upper portion of the pumpillustrated in Fig.

2, illustrating a manner of valve construetion therefor.

Fig. 4 is a vertical mid-section of the lower portion of thedouble-acting hydraulic pump illustrated in Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3. y

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a horizontal section taken on the line 7 7 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 8 is a central mid-section of the lo double-acting hydraulic pumpillustrated in Fig. 2, showing the valve in the central position asmoved thereto by the reclprocation of the pistons shown in the upperposition.

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8, illustrating the valve in the upperposition and the pistons in the central position near the end of theirdownward stroke. y

Fig. 1() is a central, mid-section of the upper end of the hydraulicpump illustrated in Fig. 2, illustrating a modified' form of connectionof the pressure inlet and discharge pipes therewith.

Fig. 11 is a horizontal section taken on the line 11-11 of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a horizontal section taken on thel line 1212 of Fig. 10.

' Fig. 13 is a verticalsection of a vhydraulic oil well pump embodying amodified form of valve construction.

Fig. 14 is an enlarged vertical mid-section of the valve constructionillustrated in Fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is a horizontal section taken on the line 15-15 of Fig. 14.

Referring to the preferred embodiment of this invention illustrated inthe drawings, similar parts are illustrated by like numerals.

A represents a fluid storage tank; B represents a pressure mechanism forimparting pressure to the fluid pumped from the-reservoir A; Crepresents a well casing; D represents a discharge pipe or casing forthe pumping mechanism; E represents a high-pressure inlet pipe; Frepresents a unit-ary working control valve; G represents the valvehousing or casing in vwhich the valve F is actuated; H designates ahollow plunger rod which carries the pump pistons .l and K within thepump cylinder or chamber L.

Attention is called to the fact that the pump mechanism illustrated inFigs. 3 and V4, put together, form a complete pump which is ofcomparatively short length, approximately 8 feet. It will be apparentfrom the drawings that the complete pumping mechanism may be assembledabove the well in the cylinder L; attached to the valve housing G andlowered into the well within the discharge pipe D, which pipe D may havepreviously been lowered into the well in any desired manner, until thecollar or ring 1 engages the inwardly extending flange 2 of the coupling3. It will then be apparent that the pumping mechanism, with itsattending pipes, is partially supported by the iiange 2 and that inorder to raise the pumping mechanism from the well it is only necessaryto pull the inner pressure pipe E. The collar 1, is secured into thelower end of the nipple 1() by means of the threaded collar 101.

The valve casing G is screw-threaded to the lower end of the pressurepipe E as at 4, the said valve casing G being closed at its upper end bymeans of a cap 5. Ports 6 are G as at 9. The pipe or nipple 10 isscrewthreaded tothe valve casing as at 11 and is for the purpose ofdirectioning the fluid under pressureto actuate the pump on its upperstroke. The piston K is mounted on the lower end of the hollow lungerrod H and carries at its lower end a all `valve 12, which ball valve 12is maintained in the valve housing 13 by means of a valve shoe 14 of theVordinary construction. Packing 15 may be provided for the housing 13 soas to maintain a leak-proof connection wit-h the pump cylinder L.Secured in position at the lower end of the pump cylinder L is astanding valve 16 of the .ordinary construction.

Packing is positioned between the hollow plunger rod H and the cylinderL, preferably above the collar 1, which packing is positioned thereon bythe following means. A packing ring 17 is secured to the cylinder L bymeansv of a plurality of bolts or set screws 18 and packing 19 ispositioned on the ring 17 and is held thereon by means of the packingring 2O which is yieldingly forced downward by means of a helical spring21, which helical spring 21 engages the ring 20 at one end and a ring22, which ring 22 is secured to the cylinder L by means of a pluralityof set screws 23. The advantage of having the packing 19 held inposition in the manner heretofore described is that any wear thereofwill be compensated for by the spring 21.

Packing is positioned between the cylinder L and the pipe 10 to providea leak-proof joint at the lower end of the pipe 10 and is maintained inposition by means of the packing ring 24 which rests on or is anextension of the collar 1.4 Packing 25 of any suitable material ispositioned on the ring 24 and is held in position at its upper end bymeans of a packing ring 26 which packing rings and packing are of theproper size t0 be maintained in position by the heads of the set screws23 heretofore described.

The pistons` J and K are of any suitable construction and may bemaintained in al tight relation with the cylinder L by means of pistonrings, or packing 15 may be used in place of the piston rings, if suchis desired.

Screw-threaded in the interior of the plunger rod Hradjacent the upperpiston J is a plug 28, and screw-threaded to the exterior of the rod His a member 29, which Cil member 29 is cylindrical in form and bentinward at its upper end to -form the circumferential shoul er 30. Aspacin rin 31 is held in osition on the top of t e p ugged hollow punger rod by any suitable means. A ring 32 rests on the 'spacingring 31and 1s adapted to engage onevend of a helical sprmg 33, which helicalspring is engaged at lts other end by means of a rin 34, which rmg 34abuts the inwardly exten g shoulder 30.

Passing through the rings 32 and 34 is a valve actuating rod 35 whichrod 35 has a head 36 at its lower end and a head'37 at its upper end.The heads 36 and 37 may be nuts screwthreaded thereto. The rod 35extends up-` 10 of the piston type, having piston rings 42 for packingmounted thereon to maintain a3 ,leak-proof joint with the valve housingG.

One 'of the valve heads 40, is larger in` cross sectional area than theother for the purpose that will hereafter be described.

The valve housing G is of smaller internal diameter at its upper end soas to provide a tight lit with the piston 41, which is of smallerexternal diameter than the piston 40. The piston 41 of the valve F is ofapproximately the same width as the port 8, while the piston is likewise'of approximately the same vlid'th as the horizontal extensions 43 ofthe port 6. The piston 40 is bevelled at its lower end 44 to closely fitthe bevelled valve seat 45.

In the position of the valve illustrated inv through the channel 46 intothe nipple 10 then through ports 46a into cylinder L and exerts apressure against the under side of the piston J elevating the same. Thepiston is then raised to the position illustrated in Fig. 8, at whichtime the extension 39' of the valve stem 38 engages the ring 34 and thesaid valve is caused to move upward to the position illustrated in Fig.8', which is the top of the stroke of the pistons J und K. The valve iscarried above the dead center position illustrated in Fig. 8 ofthedrawings, by inertia and thence on upward to the position illustrated inFig. 9 by reason of the high pressure fluid acting on the lower face ofthe piston 40. With the valve in the position illustrated in Fig. 9 thefluid under pressure passes through the port 6, acts against the upperface of the piston J and forces the same downwardly until the head 37 ofthe rod 35 engages the inward extension 39 of the valve stem 38, and oncontinued downward motion, the valve F is a ain returned to that ositionillustrated in g. 8 and downwar ly past dead center by inertia. Themoment the valve is below dead center position it is carried ondownwardly, to the position illustrated in Fig..3, by the high pressurefiuid acting on the upper face of piston 40. At this time the highpressure fluid is also acting on the lower face of the piston 41 but dueto the larger diameter of the piston 40, the valve is earned downwardly.

During the downward motion of the pistons J and K, the fluid sucked intothe pump barrel or cylinder L on the upward stroke is exhausted throughthe hollow plunger rod ports 47 and the ports 46 and passes upwardthrough the port 7, and, as the valve is in the position illustrated inFig. 9 during the downward stroke, the pumped fluid passes through thevalve out through the port 8 and is discharged through the dischargepipe D. During the upward stroke of the pump, with the valve in theposition'illustrated in Fig. 3, the oil above the piston J passesthrough the ports 48 into the hollow valve stem 38 and hence out throughthe port 8 into the discharge ipe D. The upward stroke of the piston isthe suction stroke, and the standing valve is open so that oil is suckedfromthe well into the pump barrel or cylinder L. Pressure being exertedon the ball valve 12, the same will be closed during the upward stroke.During the downward stroke the ball in the valve 12 is unseated and theoil below the piston K is displaced into the hollow plunger rod H,forcing the oil therein out through the ports 47,

46a and 46 through the valve F and is dis-` charged from the wellthrough pipe D.

The modification of this pump illustrated in Figs. 10, 11 and`12 isentirely similar to that modification described exce t for theconnection of the pump with the plpes D and E. This modification of thepump will fit into a smaller casing than that modification heretoforedescribed, but has the disadvantage of not being adapted to bepulled'from the well on the pulling of a single strand of tubing. Theinside of the pressure pipe E is screw-threaded to the valve housing Gas illustrated at 49, and the discharge pi e D is screw-threaded to thevalve housing as at 50, the valve housing G being of slightly differentstructure than the valve housing G to eliminate direct communication ofthe pressure pipe E with the discharge pipe D, there being provided thehorizontal extension 51, which is not found in the valve housing G; andthe ports 8 are communicated with the discharge pipe D by means of thevertical passges 8 cored or drilled in the valve housing Themodification of this pump illustrated in Figs. 13, 14 and 15 is entirelysimilar to that construction illustrated in-Figs. 1 t o 9 inclusive,exce t for vthe valve mechanism embodied therein, which v alve mechanism1s of the following construction:

The valve casing G* is bored larger thanv f to. Recesses 59* areprovided in the pistons 55* and 56 to enable a free grinding of the saidring heads. The rings 57* and 58a may be bevelled as shown, or they maybe formed spherical in shape, or they mlght be formed of square crosssection; however, applicant believes that the bevelled or conicalconstruction of these valve rings 57a and 58a to be the most practicaland provides a better fittin connection with the valve seats; and witthe said conical shape it is easier to grind than if the same werespherical or square.

The operation of this modified form p of valve F* is similar to thatdescribed in conoperated through the portion'of its travel by means ofmotion transmitted thereto by,

the rod 35* and is carried past the dead center by the difference inpressure exerted against the area of the fixed seat 54al minus the areaof the sliding seat 52* or 53, depending upon which seat 52* or 53* thevalve head 55a is seated with.

Having fully described my invention it is to be understood that I do notwish. to be limited to this preferred embodiment thereof which mayobviously be varied in detail without departing from the spirit of theappended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A fluid pressure actuated well pump including an inner pipe and anouter pipe, a pumping mechanism suspended from the end of the innerpipeand embraced within the outer pipe, said pumping mechanism provided witha unitary control and working valve, a pressure mechanism communicatingwith one of said pipes above said pumping mechanism and providing liquidunder pressure for actuating'the pumplng mechanism, and said valvecontrolling and directing the inlet of fluid pressure to the pumpingmechanism and the discharge of the pumped fluid 'from the pumpingmechanism, whereby said valve controls the operation of the pumpingmechanism.

E?. A fluid pressure actuated well pump including an inner pipe and anouter pipe, a

pumping mechanism suspended from the end of the inner pipe and embracedwithin the Amfom-tar outer pipe, means for loosely supporting thepumping mechanism within the outer pipe, a pressure mechanismcommunicating with one of said pipes above said pumping mechanism andproviding Huid under pressure for actuating the pumping mechanism, aunitary control and working valve formin a. part of saidpumpingmechanism; and sai valve positioned to control the inlettof thefluid pressure for actuating the pumping vmechanism and the discharge ofthe pumped fluid from the pumping mechanism.

3. A fluid pressure actuated well pump comprising a pressure conveyingpipe and a fluid discharge pipe, a fluid pressure supplying mechanismcommunicating with lsaid pressure conveying pipe, a .unitar working andcontrol valve, a vertical pump arrel suspended from said unitary valve,an upper piston and a lower piston embraced within the said barrel, ahollow plunger rod connecting said pistons and acting on the upwardstroke of said pump pistons as a conduit for the liquid pumped from thewell, said pump barrel having communication with said pressure pipe andsaid discharge pipe, and said unitary valve controlling and directingthe admission of the fluid pressure to the pumping mechanism and thedischarge of the fluid pumped from the well.

4. A fluid pressure actuated well pump comprising a pressure conveyingpipe embraced within a fluid discharge pipe, a pumping mechanismsuspended from and in communication with both of said pipes, saidpumping mechanism including a vertical pump barrel having therein upperand lower pistons connected by a hollow plunger, said plunger havingcommunication with the pump barrel and serving on the upward stroke ofsaid pump pistons as an outlet conduit for the pumped'liquid from thewell, a fluid pressure supplying mechanism communicating with thepressure conveying pipe, and means for alternately directing thefluidpressure against the upper and lower sides of one of the pistons forreciprocating the same and causing them to force liquid from the well upthe discharge pipe.

5. A fluid pressure actuated well pump comprising a pressure conveyingpipe'embraced within a fluid discharge pipe, a pumping mechanismsuspended vfrom and in communication with both of said pipes, saidpumping mechanism including a vertical pump barrel having therein upperand lower pistons connected by a hollow plunger, said plunger havingcommunication with the pump barrel and serving on the upward stroke ofsaid pump pistons as an outlet conduit for the pumped liquid from thewell, a fluid pressure supplying mechanism communicating with thepressure conveying pipe, and a unitary valve for alternately directingthe fluid pressure against the upper and lower sides of one of saidpistons andfor controlling the path of flow of the pumped fluid from thewell, whereby said inner valve controls the operation of the pumpingmechanism.

6. A fluid pressure actuated well pump con'uprisingl an inner pipe andan outer pipe,

a pumping mechanism suspended-from onel of said pipes and incommunication with both of them, a pressure supplying mechanismcommunicating with and supplying fluid under pressure to one of said pies above said pumping mechanism for actuating the pumping mechanism,said pumpin .mechanism 1ncluding a sliding unitary wor ing and controlvalve for controlling the discharge of pumped liquid from the pumpingmechanism and the admission of fluid pressure to the pumping mechanism,a pump cylinder, a pair of pistons within said cylinder, said pistonsactuated by said pressure fluid for the purpose of pumping anddischarging liquid from the well, and means connecting said piston withsaid unitary valve for operating the same.

7 A fluid pressure actuated well pump comprising an inner pipe, and anouter pipe, a pumping mechanism suspended f rom one of said pipes andlin communication with yboth of them, a pressure supplying mecha-- nism\\ommunicating with and supplying 'fluid' under pressure yto one of saidpipes above said pumping mechanism for actuating the lpumping mechanism,said pumping mechanism including a sliding unitary working and controlvalve for controlling the discharge of pumped liquid from the pumpingmechanism and the admission of fluid pressure to the pumping mechanism,a pump cylinder, a pair of pistons within said cylinder, said pistonsactuated by said pressure fluid for the purpose of pumping anddischarging liquid from the well, and a lost motion connection betweenthe pistons and said unitaryl valve for moving the valve throughout aportion of its travel.

8. A fluid pressure actuated well pump comprising an inner pipe and anouter pipe, a pumping mechanism suspended from one of said pipes and incommunication with both of them, a fluid pressure supplying mechanismcommunicating with one of the p pipes at a point above the pumpingmechamsm and supplying'iiuid pressure for actuating the pumpingmechanism, said pumping mechanism provided with upper and lower pistonsin separated relation and connected by a hollow plunger rod, saidplunger rod acting as a conduit for the outlet passage of liquid pumpedfrom the well on the upward stroke of the pistons, and means within thepipes and forming'apart of the pumping mechanism to alternate y directthe pressure against the upper and lower'sides of one of said pistons tocause a reciprocation thereof for forcing liquid upwardly and outwardlyfrom the well from one of said pipes.

9. A uid pressure actuated well pump including elongated concentricallyarrangedy of said pipes and in communication with both of them, a liuidpressure supplying mechanism communicating with one ofosaid pipes at apoint above the pumping mechanism and providing Huid under pressure foractuating the pumping mechanism, said pumping mechanism having avertical pump cylinder with a pair of pistons mounted for reciprocationtherein, and a unitary working and control valve forming a part of saidpumping mechanism and alternately directing the fluid pressure above andbelow one of said pistons and simultaneously directing the path of lowof the pumped iiuid from the well upwardly through one of saidconcentrically arranged pipes. l

10. A fluid pressure actuated well pump comprising an inner pipe and anouter pipe, y

a pumping mechanism suspended from the inner pipe, la Huid pressuresupplying mechanism communicating with one of said pipes at a pointabove said pumping mechanism and supplying fluid under pressure foractuating the pumping mechanism, and a unitary valve mechanism withinsaid pumping mechanism for continuously directing the iluid pumped bythe umping mechanism upwardly and outwar y through ont of said pipes andsimultaneously directin the fluid' supplying mechanism in communicationwith the innen pipe at a point above said pumpmechanism sus Apended fromthe inner pipe, a fluid pressure ing mechanism for delivering Huid undery pressure to the pumping mechanism, said pumping mechanism including aunitary working and control valve placed to control the admission of thepressure luidto the pumping mechanism and the discharge of Huid pumpedby said pumping mechanism pipe.

12. A deep well pump of the character herein described, including apumbarrel having therein a piston, inlet an pipes communicating withl saidpumpbarrel, a liquid pressure supplying mechanism communicating with theinlet pipe for actuating said piston, a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet,`

upwardly and outwardly through the outer outlet herein described,including a pump barrel having therein a piston, inlet and outlet pipescommunicating with said pump barrel, a

' liquid pressure supplying mechanism communicating with the inlet pipeand supplying liquid pressure to the said pump barrel for actuating saidpiston, a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, a valve controlling said Huidinlet and outlet for controlling the operation of the pump, said valvecomprising a hollow valve stem having at its ends valve heads ofdifferential diameters, said hollow stem in communication with the pumpcylinder and adapted to act as anoutlet therefor during the upwardstroke of the piston, and a stationary valve seat for one of the valveheads and a movable valve seat for the other valve head, whereby saidvalve seats compensate for Wear.

14. A deep well pum of the character herein'described, inclu ing a pumpbarrel having therein a piston, inlet and outlet pipes communicatingwith said pump barrel, a liquid pressure supplying mechanismcomv.municating with the inlet pipe and supplying liquid pressurethereto for actuating said piston, a valve casing positioned above saidpump barrel, said caslng provided with an inlet port and an outlet portcommunicating adapted for reciprocation and controlling said inlet andsaid outlet ports for controlling the operation of the pump, astationary valve seat within the valve casing for one of said heads anda movable valve seat within the casing for the other valve head, wherebysaid valve seats compensate for wear.

15, A unitary control and working valve for a deep well pump of thecharacter herein described, comprising a valve rod provided with spacedpistons having differential diameters a pressure supplying mechanism forsupplying liquid under pressure acting against said pistons, means toreciprocate said pistons, and the differential in pressure upon thediHerential heads serving to `hold said pistons against reciprocationafter they have been moved to their respective positions.

16. A fluid ressure actuated well pump including an in et pipe and anoutlet pipe, a pumping mechanism having a pump barrel in communicationwith and forming acontinuation of said inlet pipe, a pump piston in saidpump barrel, a pressure mechanism communicating with and deliveringfluid under pressure to the inlet pipe for actuating.

said plston, and a unitar valve for said pumping mechanism positloned toalternatemea-ia? ly direct the pressure Huid above and below said pistonand to direct the discharge of a pumping mechanism having a pump barrelin communication with and forming a continuation of said inner pipe, apiston in said pump barrel, means carried by the outer pipe forremovably supporting the pumping mechanism, a pre sure mechanismcommunicating with and upplyingfluid under pressure to the innerf pipefor actuating said piston, and a unitairy valve for said pumpingmechanism positioned and functioning to alternately direct the pressurevfluid above and below said pistonand to direct the discharge of pumpediiuid up the outer pipe.

18. A fluid pressure actuated well pump including a pressure conveyingpipe and a discharge pipe, a pumping mechanism having a pump barrel anda piston therein, said barrel in communication with and forming anextension of said pressure pipe, a pressure l mechanism in communicationwith and delivering liquid under pressure to said pressure pipe, and avalve positioned to direct the pressure uid to alternately raise andlower said piston and to direct the fluid pumped by said piston up saiddischarge pipe.

19. A fluid pressure actuated well pump including an inner and an outerpipe, a pump barrel having therein a pair of pistons in spaced relationand connected by a hollow plunger, a unitary working and control valve,a casing for said valve having communication with both of said pipes andthe pump` barrel, said hollow plun er communicating with the pump barrelan with the well, one of said pistons adapted to lift fluid from thewell into said hollow lunger and pump barrel, the otherof said pistonsadapted to pump the fiuid from said pump barrel, a ressure mechanism forsupplying liquidun er pressure to said valve casing, and said unitaryvalve positioned and constructed to direct said pressure liquid toreciprocate said pistons and to direct the discharge of pumped fluidfrom the pump barrel through one of said pipes.

20. A fluid pressure actuated-well pump including an inner and anouterpipe, a pump barrel having therein a pair of pistons in spacedrelation and connectedby a, hollow plunger, a valve casing havingcommunication with both of said pipes and the pump barrel, a unitaryworking and control valve mounted for reciprocation in said casing, aconnection between said valve and said pistons for reciprocating saidvalve, said hollow plunger communicating with the pump barrel andl withthe well, one of said pistons adapted to lift fluid from the well intosaid hollow plunger and pump barrel, the other of said pistons adaptedto pump the fluid from said pump barrel, a pressure Amechanismforsupplying` liquld under pressure to saidl valve casing, and said umtaryvalve automatically shifted by its connection to the pistons and Huidboth of said pipes communicating with 4 the pump barrel, a liquidpressure supplying mechanism communicating with the pressure inlet pipeand supplying liquid under pressure to said pump barrel for actuatingsaid piston, a unitary working and control valve including a valvehousing forming a part of the conduits constituting said pressure inletand fluid outlet pipes, said housing having communication with said pumpbarrel, a valve mounted for reciprocation in said housing and having apair of heads of differential diameter in spaced relation, means forreciprocating the valve heads to control and direct the inlet andoutletof fluid to and from said pump barrel, and said valve being held inposition by the differential pressure of the liquid pressure present inthe valve housing between the valve heads.

22. A deep well pump of the character herein described, including a pumpbarrel having therein apiston, a fluid pressure inlet pipe anda pumpedfluid outlet pipe both of which communicate with said pump barrel, aliquid pressure supplying mechanism communicating with the inlet pipeand supplying liquid pressure thereto for delivery to the pump barrelfor actuating .said piston,`

- fluid from the a unitary working andcontrol valve mounted forreciprocation within a casing, said casing constituting a by-pass of thepressure inlet pipe and a conduit for connecting the outlet pipe withthe pumping mechanism, said casing having a port communicating with theinlet pipe, said control valve comprising a stem carrying thereon inspaced relation pistons of differential diameters, means for moving saidvalve a predetermined distance within said casing to permit one of thevalve pistons to open the pressure inlet port above or below said valvepiston, whereby the fluid pressure. is permitted to enter the valvecasing' above or below the valve operated devices comprising ahollowvalve stem having at its ends two heads of difl'erentialdiameters, Valve seats for said heads, and movable means in conjunctionwith said valve seats for compensating for wear.

24. valve mechanism for fluid pressure operated devices comprising avalve casing having an inlet and an outlet port therein, a valvecomprising a stem having at its opposite ends heads of differentialdiameters, said stem and heads reciprocable within said casing andmovable valve seats within said casing for one of said valve heads. f

25. A valve mechanism for fluid pressure operated devices comprising avalve casing having mounted therein for reciprocation a rod havingthereon two heads, said rod being hollow and passageways through saidheads communicating with and forming a continuation of said hollow rodopening, and valve seats in said casing for said heads.

26. A valve mechanism for fluid pressure operated devices comprising avalve casing having mounted therein for reciprocation a hollow rodhaving thereon two heads of d1fferential diameters, passageways throughsaid heads communicating with and formmg a continuation of said hollowrod, and valve seats in said casing for said heads.l

Signed at Denver, Colorado, this 1st vday I of July, 1924.

IRAy B. HUMPHREYS.

piston to move it further through the difl'erential pressure presentbetween the spaced pistons of the valve, and said valve through itsmovement automatically diverting the the pressure fluid above and belowthe pump piston and directing the flow of discharge pump barrel, for thepurpose described.

23. A valve mechanism for fluid pressure

